Keywords
Self-medication
Microbiota
Gastrointestinal tract
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Abstract
Objective: To clearly and objectively highlight the impacts of self-medication with antibiotics on the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. Methods: This article used randomized, open and multicenter studies with exposure of individuals to antibiotics and a placebo group with fecal analysis, cross-sectional and screening studies with analysis of the intestinal microbiome, by shotgun metagenomics, of individuals who underwent antimicrobial therapy and a sectional, epidemiological study and quantitative with interviews and application of questionnaires about self-medication and the use and knowledge of antibiotics in a given population. Results: Changes in the intestinal microbiota and treatments against infections, dysbiosis, impacts on the body's immune and inflammatory response, increased resistance of bacteria and changes in the structure of the microbiome were observed. Final considerations: It is concluded that self-medication with antibiotics is predominant in the population observed and studied. Furthermore, the consequences of this phenomenon reflect a lack of understanding about the self-administration of antimicrobials and their metabolic effects.
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