Palabras clave
Fútbol
Rehabilitación
Cómo citar
Copyright © | Todos los derechos reservados.
La revista posee los derechos de autor exclusivos para la publicación de este artículo en los términos de la ley brasileña 9610/98.
Reproducción parcial
El uso de partes de los textos, figuras y cuestionario del artículo es libre, siendo obligatoria la citación de los autores y revista.
Reproducción total
Está expresamente prohibido y debe ser autorizado por la revista.
Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar el patrón de mecanismos de lesión del LCA para determinar las mejores formas de prevención, así como establecer las terapias más eficaces para la rehabilitación deportiva. Métodos: El enfoque metodológico de este estudio es la elaboración de una investigación bibliográfica cualitativa y descriptiva mediante una revisión bibliográfica integradora en las bases de datos National Library of Medicine y Virtual Health Library. Los descriptores utilizados fueron "ligamento", "fútbol" y "rehabilitación". Los criterios de inclusión fueron estudios observacionales y ensayos clínicos controlados publicados en inglés entre 2017 y 2022. Resultados: Es imposible evitar que se produzcan las lesiones del LCA, ya que los deportistas siempre estarán sometidos a contacto físico, saltos y cambios de dirección, pero hay formas de hacer que los músculos sean más resistentes a los impactos para que la fuerza necesaria para la lesión sea mayor, haciéndola menos incidente. Las complicaciones posquirúrgicas pueden evitarse y, cuando no es así, hay formas de hacer posible que el paciente vuelva a practicar deporte y aliviar el dolor. Consideraciones finales: La incidencia de la lesión del LCA puede reducirse, su tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico y el seguimiento postquirúrgico requiere dedicación.
Referencias
AHLDÉN M, et al. The Swedish National Anterior Cruciate Ligament Register: a report on baseline variables and outcomes of surgery for almost 18,000 patients. Am J Sports Med, 2012; 40(10): 2230-2235.
ALSUBAIE SF, et al. Anterior cruciate ligament injury patterns and their relationship to fatigue and physical fitness levels. Medicine (Baltimore), 2021; 100(1): e24171.
Ardern CL, et al. Comparison of patient-reported outcomes among those who chose ACL reconstruction or non-surgical treatment. Scand J Med Sci Sport, 2017; 27(5): 535-544.
ARDERN CL, et al. Return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. Br J Sports Med, 2011; 45(7): 596-606.
ARLIANI GG, et al. Treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in professional soccer players by orthopedic surgeons. Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, 2019; 54(6): 703-708.
AUNE AK, et al. Four-strand hamstring tendon autograft compared with patellar tendon-bone autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A randomized study with two-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med, 2001; 29(06): 722-728.
BODEN BP, et al. Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Orthopedics, 2000; 23(6): 573–578.
BOURNE MN, et al. Is Fatigue a Risk Factor for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture? Sports medicine, 2019; 49(11):1 629–1635.
DELLA VILLA F, et al. High rate of second ACL injury following ACL reconstruction in male professional footballers: an updated longitudinal analysis from 118 players in the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study. Br J Sports Med, 2021; 55(23): 1350-1356.
FJELLMAN-KIWLUND A, et al. Retrospective experiences of individuals two decades after anterior cruciate ligament injury - a process of re-orientation towards acceptance. Disabil Rehabil, 2022; 44(21): 6267-6276.
INKLAAR H. Soccer injuries: Incidence and severity. Sports Med, 1994; 18(1): 55-73.
JOSEPH AM, et al. A multisport epidemiologic comparison of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in high school athletics. Journal of athletic training, 2013; 48(6): 810–817.
KRUTSCH W, et al. High return to competition rate following ACL injury - A 10-year media-based epidemiological injury study in men's professional football. Eur J Sport Sci, 2020; 20(5): 682–690.
LINDANGER L, et al. Effect of Early Residual Laxity After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction on Long-term Laxity, Graft Failure, Return to Sports, and Subjective Outcome at 25 Years.Am J Sports Med, 2021; 49(5): 1227-1235.
LIPORACI RF, et al. Clinical Features and isokinetic Parameters in Assessing Injury Risk in elite Football Players. Int J Sports Med, 2019; 40(14): 903-908.
MARDER RA, et al. Prospective evaluation of arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Patellar tendon versus semitendinosus and gracilis tendons. Am J Sports Med, 1991; 19(05): 478-484.
MARTIN-ALGUACIL JL, et al. Comparison of knee sonography and pressure pain threshold after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with quadriceps tendon versus hamstring tendon autografts in soccer players. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc, 2019; 53(4): 260-265.
MELICK N, et al. Fatigue affects quality of movement more in ACL-reconstructed soccer players than in healthy soccer players. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc., 2019; 27(2): 549–555.
MESSER DJ, et al. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Increases the Risk of Hamstring Strain Injury Across Football Codes in Australia. Sports Med, 2022; 52(4): 923-932.
MOHTADI NG e CHAN DS. Return to Sport-Specific Performance After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review. Am J Sports Med, 2018; 46(13): 3307-3316.
NUCCIO S, et al. Muscle fiber conduction velocity in the vastus lateralis and medialis muscles of soccer players after ACL reconstruction. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2020; 30(10): 1976-1984.
PRODROMOS C, et al. A meta-analysis of stability of autografts compared to allografts after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy: official journal of the ESSKA, 2007; 15(7): 851–856.
RELPH N, et al. The effects of ACL injury on knee proprioception. Physiother, 2014; 100(3): 187-195.
SANDON A, et al. High risk of further anterior cruciate ligament injury in a 10-year follow-up study of anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed soccer players in the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry Arthroscopy, 2020; 36(1): 189–195.
SPINDLER KP e Wright RW. Clinical practice. Anterior cruciate ligament tear. The New England journal of medicine, 2008; 359(20): 2135–2142.
STEFFEN K, et al. Risk of injury on artificial turf and natural grass in young female football players. British journal of sports medicine, 2007; 41(Suppl1): i33-37.
TAYLOR JB, et al. Evaluation of the effectiveness of anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention programme training components: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med, 2015; 49(2): 79–87.
TAYLOR JB, et al. Real-time optimized biofeedback utilizing sport techniques (ROBUST). BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2017; 18(1): 71-80.
TAYLOR JB, et al. Sport-specific biomechanical responses to an ACL injury prevention programme. J Sports Sci, 2018; 36(21): 2492-2501.
TEMPONI EF, et al. Partial tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament: diagnosis and treatment. Rev Bras Ortop 2015; 50(1): 9–15.
THING L. Voices of the broken body the resumption of non-professional female players’ sports careers after anterior cruciate ligament injury. The female player's dilemma: is she willing to run the risk? Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2006; 16(5): 364–375.
VOSKANIAN N. Acl injury prevention in female athletes: Review of the literature and practical considerations in implementing an acl prevention program. Curr Ver Musculoskelet Med, 2013; 6(2): 158–163.
WALDÉN M, et al. Anterior cruciate ligament injury in elite football: a prospective three-cohort study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2011; 19(1): 11-19.
WALDÉN M. Return to sports after ACL reconstruction surgery: a risk for further joint injury? The ACL-deficient knee. A problem solving approach. 1st ed. London: Springer-Verlag, 2013; 14(1): 183-88.
WALDÉN M, et al. ACL injuries in men's professional football: a 15-year prospective study on time trends and return-to-play rates reveals only 65% of players still play at the top level 3 years after ACL rupture. Br J Sports Med, 2016; 50(12): 744–50.
WEILER R, et al. Non-operative management of a complete anterior cruciate ligament injury in an English Premier League football player with return to play in less than 8 weeks: applying common sense in the absence of evidence. BMJ Case Rep, 2015; 26/bcr-2014208012.
WHYTE EF, et al. Effects of a dynamic core stability program on the biomechanics of cutting maneuvers. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2018; 28(2): 452-462.
ZAFFAGNINI S, et al. Return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in professional soccer players. Knee, 2014; 21(3): 731–735.