Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar a literatura científica sobre a relação entre atividade física (AF) e esquizofrenia, com ênfase nos aspectos psicossociais e representacionais que influenciam significados, crenças e atitudes, fornecendo subsídios conceituais para pesquisas futuras. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura, conduzida entre novembro de 2024 e fevereiro de 2025, nas bases PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO e LILACS. Foram utilizados descritores em português, inglês e espanhol combinando os termos ("Schizophrenia" OR "Psychotic Disorders") AND ("Physical Exercise" OR "Physical Activity" OR "Exercise") AND ("Perception" OR "Beliefs" OR "Attitudes" OR "Representations" OR "Social Representations" OR "Meaning" OR "Stigma" OR "Symbolism"). Os artigos foram incluídos e analisados por meio de interpretação temática e síntese crítica, organizada em três eixos de investigação. Resultados: 14 estudos foram alocados em três eixos temáticos principais: (1) “Percepções e significados atribuídos à prática de AF por pessoas com esquizofrenia” (n=6); (2) “Barreiras e facilitadores percebidos para a adesão e manutenção dessas práticas” (n=5); e (3) “Impactos psicossociais e simbólicos associados ao engajamento em programas de AF” (n = 3). Considerações finais: A relação entre AF e esquizofrenia ultrapassa as fronteiras do tratamento clínico, constituindo um campo de significações no qual corpo, saúde, identidade e contexto social se entrelaçam.
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