Palavras-chave
Desnutrição
Disfagia
Nutrição
Como Citar
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Resumo
Objetivo: Revisar sobre o manejo nutricional em pacientes com Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA), com ênfase em estratégias para prevenir e tratar a desnutrição, além de discutir a relação entre a desnutrição e a sobrevida desses pacientes. Revisão bibliográfica: Os achados indicam que a desnutrição em pacientes com ELA é multifatorial, estando associada principalmente à disfagia, ao hipermetabolismo e à redução da ingestão alimentar. Esses fatores interagem entre si, resultando em balanço energético negativo, perda de peso progressiva e piora do estado nutricional. Estratégias como dietas hipercalóricas, modificação da consistência alimentar e uso de nutrição enteral mostram-se fundamentais para garantir aporte adequado e segurança alimentar. Considerações finais: Pode-se considerar que a ELA compromete significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, sendo a desnutrição e a disfagia as complicações mais prevalentes. A intervenção nutricional precoce, aliada ao acompanhamento multiprofissional, mostra-se essencial para melhorar o prognóstico e promover o bem-estar desses indivíduos. Contudo, observa-se a necessidade de diretrizes padronizadas que orientem de forma mais eficaz o manejo nutricional desses pacientes.
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