Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre TLRs e complicações da COVID-19, identificar a resposta imune inata e elucidar a hiperinflamação associada ao SARS-CoV-2, com foco em complicações pulmonares, cardiovasculares e neurológicas. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática com protocolo submetido ao PROSPERO. Foram incluídos estudos sobre a expressão de TLRs em adultos com COVID-19, focando em complicações inflamatórias. A seleção e extração dos dados foram realizadas por dois revisores de forma independente. Resultados: Dos 1477 artigos identificados, 28 estudos foram analisados. O TLR4 foi o mais mencionado, associado principalmente ao pulmão, mas também ao SNC, coração, intestino e rim. Citocinas como IL-6, TNF-α e IL-1β, fortemente associadas ao TLR4, foram ligadas a complicações graves, refletindo a ativação dos TLRs e a inflamação exacerbada em vários órgãos. Considerações finaisA associação entre TLR4 e as citocinas indica a importância da resposta imune inata nas complicações da COVID-19. Intervenções terapêuticas focadas nesses receptores podem representar potenciais alvos terapêuticos a serem investigados, sendo um campo promissor para futuras pesquisas.
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