Twin pregnancy: frequency of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and prematurity

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of gestational diabetes and hypertensive syndromes in pregnant twins and the association with chorionicity. Methods: This was a historical cohort in which 121 patients were studied, 63 of which were twin pregnancies. As not exposed, 58 low obstetric risk pregnant women were studied, assisted in the same period. Results: The mean age of pregnant women was 28.60 ± 7.05 years, 2.14 ± 1.49 pregnancies, 0.80 ± 1.15 deliveries, and 0.25 ± 0.64 abortions. Most twin pregnancies were natural, and in vitro fertilization (IVF) was identified in only 7.0% of cases. Monochorionic pregnancies were identified in 12.7% of cases. Prenatal maternal weight gain was 9.50 ± 4.31 kg in singleton pregnancies and 13.7 ± 6.77 in multiple pregnancies (p<0.05). Hypertensive syndromes were diagnosed in 8% of cases, being associated with twin pregnancies (p<0001; X2=28.3). Gestational diabetes was identified in 10.9% of pregnant women, being associated with twin pregnancy (p<0.001; X2=12.8). Chorionicity was not a relevant factor for GDM and hypertensive syndromes (p>0.05). Conclusion: Twin pregnancies were associated with maternal greater weight gain, gestational diabetes, hypertensive syndromes in pregnancy and prematurity.