Abstract
Objective: to analyze the emergence of arboviruses and the factors that contribute to the dissemination and infection, as well as possible therapeutic strategies that help in the management of these cases. Method: This was a systematic review, carried out in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences; in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online and in the Scientifc Eletronic Library Online, through national and international surveys from 2009 to 2019. Results: the factors responsible for dissemination and infection are: absence of approved vaccines or specific antiviral drugs, presence of cormobidity, indiscriminate anthropic action, disordered population growth, lack of notification and follow-up, delay in diagnosis, schooling and professional situation. As intervention strategies: the LsCTI, the need for physicians and other health professionals to be aware that DENV-4 infections can be fatal, systematic monitoring of the population, regular educational actions, veto-fighting and proper care plan. Final considerations: therefore, the emergence of arboviruses interrelates with the way humans relate to the environment, the resistance of vectors and the lack of appropriate resources for their prevention and treatment.