Keywords
Eclampsia
HELLP syndrome
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of preeclampsia (PE), eclampsia and HELLP syndrome. Bibliographic review: PE encompasses hypertension accompanied by one or more other features: proteinuria, dysfunction of other maternal organs and/or uteroplacental dysfunction, beginning after 20 weeks of gestation. Eclampsia is a process related to PE that can occur before delivery, during delivery and up to 6 weeks after delivery, and is characterized by seizures. HELLP syndrome has a perinatal mortality rate of up to 37% and is characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and thrombocytopenia. Final considerations: Worldwide, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality for mothers and their newborns, especially pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome. PE consists of arterial hypertension with proteinuria and/or edema of the hands or face, while eclampsia is an evolution of PE with neurological symptoms, that is, tonic-clonic seizures. HELLP syndrome is also a progression of preeclampsia that leads to increased liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia. In this sense, as they are pathologies with a potential risk of maternal-fetal mortality, due attention to the diagnosis is essential, providing rapid and adequate treatment in order to avoid unfavorable outcomes.
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