3D printing simulator for flexible laser ureterolithotripsy training

Abstract

Objective: This study idealized the development and validation of a 3D printing made simulator for flexible laser ureterolithotripsy training. Methods: The simulator was developed with polylactic acid and consists in two parts, which are hermetically sealed. Its interior mimics a urinary system, with proximal ureter, pelvis and renal calyces, allowing an endoscope navigation training, laser lithotripsy and stone fragments removal. For validation, the simulator was evaluated by 21 expert judges, who had access to the technology individually and were able to verify its main features and functionality. The evaluation was documented by completing a questionnaire, containing 22 statements on a Likert scale, divided into three domains: (1) OBJECTIVES, (2) STRUCTURE and PRESENTATION and (3) RELEVANCE. Results: The 3 domains obtained approval of, respectively, 98.6%, 98.3% and 99.3%. The questionnaire´s internal consistency was verified through Cronbach's Alpha test, which reached, respectively, 0.829, 0.87 and 0.9963 in the domains, and 0.92 in the general assessment. Conclusion: The developed simulator allows flexible laser ureterolitrotripsy training, and can be considered an auxiliary tool in teaching-learning process in urology.