Keywords
Child
Review
Nursing
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Abstract
Objective: To report relevant data on childhood asthma in order to enable knowledge about the disease, given its prevalence and importance in Brazil and worldwide. Bibliographic review: Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by lasting inflammation of the airways. In the case of risk factors, because it is a multifactorial disease, a number of variables influence the outcome of its involvement, such as environmental, personal and genetic factors. Regarding the pathophysiology, it is an immune-mediated condition by hypersensitivity reactions involving Immunoglobulin E (IgE), which will trigger a cascade of inflammatory reactions that lead to mast cell proliferation and, consequently, an exacerbated pathological response affecting the airflow reversibly, and may have a broad genetic component. In addition, pharmacotherapy is divided into two groups, that of drugs for the maintenance of regular airflow and those for symptomatic management. Final considerations: This narrative review presented the current scenario of studies on childhood asthma, striving to contribute to the scientific knowledge on the aspects studied in this population to date.
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