Basic Concepts of Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome in Children associated with COVID-19 infection

Abstract

Objective: To present the basic concepts of multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19, highlighting its diagnosis, clinical picture, patient profile and differential diagnoses. Literature review: Currently, it has been seen that pediatric hyperinflammatory condition and SARS-CoV-2 are related. Even though the children were RT-PCR negative for SARS-CoV-2 at the time, past infection was identified, correlating the disease as a post-infectious inflammatory outcome. There is involvement of the respiratory system with tachypnea, respiratory distress and failure. In general, it manifests itself around the age of 8, with a predominance in males. When the physician suspects Pediatric Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome (SIM-P), several laboratory tests need to be performed to get the most accurate diagnosis possible. To be better elucidated, the different differential diagnoses can be grouped into infectious and non-infectious diseases. Final considerations: SIM-P is a disease that occurs in association with COVID-19 infection. It is generally present in 8-year-old male children with a wide range of symptoms, as it is a multisystemic syndrome. More studies are needed to clarify its pathophysiology, even though there are some theories present in the scientific literature.