Keywords
Autoimmune
Gastrointestinal symptoms
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To assess the etiology of celiac disease, as well as the prevalence of celiac patients diagnosed with anxiety and depression. Bibliographic Review: Research indicates that celiac disease presents both classic intestinal symptoms and non-classical or extraintestinal symptoms, including iron deficiency anemia, fatigue and headache/psychiatric disorders, among others. Due to the lack of knowledge about these various atypical manifestations, there may be a delay in diagnosis, leading to a decrease in the quality of life of patients. In addition, a gluten-free diet and a more restrictive lifestyle can also be contributing factors to the development of anxiety and depression, due to feelings of deprivation and social avoidance, which can compromise these individuals' interpersonal relationships. Final considerations: The only treatment is a gluten-free diet, which can compromise the absorption of essential nutrients and favor the onset of psychiatric symptoms, contributing to a positive relationship between celiac disease and the development of anxiety and depression.
References
AL-TOMA A, et al. European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease (ESsCD) guideline for coeliac disease and other gluten-related disorders. United European Gastroenterology Journal, 2019; 7(5): 583-613.
ARAÚJO HMC, et al. Celiac disease, eating habits and practices and life quality of life. Revista de Nutrição, 2010; 23(3): 467-474.
ASHTARI S, et al. Prevalence of celiac disease in low and high risk population in Asia–Pacific region: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Reports, 2021; 11(1) 1-13.
BARBERIS N, et al. Relationship between motivation, adherence to diet, anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms and quality of life in individuals with celiac disease. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2019; 124: e109787.
BELEI O, et al. Histologic recovery among children with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet. A long-term follow-up single-center experience. Archives of medical science: AMS, 2018; 14(1): 94.
BEN HT e ADMOU B. Celiac disease: Understandings in diagnostic, nutritional, and medicinal aspects. International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, 2021; 35.
BESSA CC, et al. Health control for celiac patients: an analysis according to the Pender Health Promotion model, Texto & contexto enfermagem, 2020, 29: e2080420.
Brasil. Lei n. 10.674, de 16 de maio de 2003. Obriga a que os produtos alimentícios comercializados informem sobre a presença de glúten, como medida preventiva e de controle da doença celíaca.
CALDAS F, et al. Estudo da prevalência sorológica de doença celíaca em pacientes com Diabetes do tipo 1, 2005.
CANNINGS-JOHN R, et al. A case-control study of presentations in general practice before diagnosis of coeliac disease. British Journal of General Practice, 2007; 57: 636-642.
DOS SANTOS A, RIBEIRO C. Percepções de doentes celíacos sobre as consequências clínicas e sociais de um possível diagnóstico tardio na doença celíaca. DEMETRA: Alimentação, Nutrição & Saúde, 2019; 14: 33310.
FALCOMER A, et al. Gluten contamination in food services and industry: A systematic review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2020; 60(3): 479-493.
FUCHS V, et al. Delayed celiac disease diagnosis predisposes to reduced quality of life and incremental use of health care services and medicines: A prospective nationwide study. United European Gastroenterology Journal, 2018; 6(4): 567-575.
FUEYO-DÍAZ R, et al. Influence of Compliance to Diet and Self-Efficacy Expectation on Quality of Life in Patients with Celiac Disease in Spain. Nutrients, 2020; 12(9): 2672.
GUTOWSKI ED, et al. Can individuals with celiac disease identify gluten-free foods correctly?. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 2020; 36: 82-90.
JERICHO H, et al. Extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease: effectiveness of the gluten-free diet. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 2017; 65(1): 75-79.
KING JA, et al. Incidence of celiac disease is increasing over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG, 2020; 115(4): 507-525.
LEBWOHL B e RUBIO-TAPIA A. Epidemiology, presentation, and diagnosis of celiac disease. Gastroenterology, 2020.
LINDFORS K, et al. Coeliac disease. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 2019; 5(1) 1-18.
LIONETTI E e CATASSI C. Co-localization of gluten consumption and HLA-DQ2 and-DQ8 genotypes, a clue to the history of celiac disease. Digestive and Liver Disease, 2014; 46(12): 1057-1063.
LOSOWSKY MS. A history of coeliac disease. Digestive Diseases, 2008; 26(2): 112-120.
LUIZ SF, et al. Análise de glúten em produtos industrializados rotulados como isentos de glúten. Alimentos: Ciência, Tecnologia e Meio Ambiente, 2020; 1(9): 1-14.
MARSH MN. Gluten, major histocompatibility complex, and the small intestine: a molecular and immunobiologic approach to the spectrum of gluten sensitivity (‘celiac sprue’). Gastroenterology, 1992; 102(1) 330-354.
MATOS SR. As implicações psicossociais geradas pelo tratamento e diagnóstico da doença celíaca. 2015.
MURPHY AK, et al. Celiac Disease in an Adult Presenting as Behavioral Disturbances. The American Journal of Case Reports, 2020; 21: e928337.
PAEZ MA, et al. Delay in diagnosis of celiac disease in patients without gastrointestinal complaints. The American Journal of Medicine, 2017; 130(11): 1318-1323.
PENNY HA, et al. Non-responsive coeliac disease: a comprehensive review from the NHS England National Centre for Refractory Coeliac Disease. Nutrients, 2020; 12(1) 216.
PYNNÖNEN PA, et al. Gluten-free diet may alleviate depressive and behavioural symptoms in adolescents with coeliac disease: a prospective follow-up case-series study. BMC psychiatry, 2005; 5(14).
RAMÍREZ-SÁNCHEZ AD, et al. Molecular Biomarkers for Celiac Disease: Past, Present and Future. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020; 21(22): 8528.
ROCHA S, et al. The psychosocial impacts caused by diagnosis and treatment of Coeliac Disease. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 2016; 50(1): 65-70.
RUBIO-TAPIA A, et al. Mucosal recovery and mortality in adults with celiac disease after treatment with a gluten-free diet. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2010; 105(6): 1412-20.
SELLESKI N, et al. Evaluation of Quality of Life of Adult Patients with Celiac Disease in Argentina: From Questionnaire Validation to Assessment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020; 17(19): 7051.
SINGH P, et al. Global Prevalence of Celiac Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2018; 16(6) :823-836.e2.
SLIM M, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity in children and adults with gluten-related disorders: a narrative review. Nutrients, 2018; 10(7): 875.
TAN IL, et al. Non-classical clinical presentation at diagnosis by male celiac disease patients of older age. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 2021; 83: 28-33.
THERRIEN A, et al. Celiac disease: extraintestinal manifestations and associated conditions. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 2020; 54(1): 8.
UENISHI RH. Avaliação e utilidade dos biomarcadores não invasivos IFABP e REG1α no monitoramento da destruição e da regeneração do epitélio intestinal em pacientes celíacos antes e depois da dieta sem glúten. 2017.
VAN BERGE-HENEGOUWEN GP e MULDER CJ. Pioneer in the gluten free diet: Willem-Karel Dicke 1905-1962, over 50 years of gluten free diet. Gut, 1993; 34(11)1473.
VAN BUITEN CB e ELIAS RJ. Gliadin Sequestration as a Novel Therapy for Celiac Disease: A Prospective Application for Polyphenols. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021; 22(2): 595.
VAN HEES NJ, et al. Coeliac disease, diet adherence and depressive symptoms. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2013; 74(2): 155–160.