Keywords
Argonaute protein
Virus replication compartment
Virus-induced membrane vesicle
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Abstract
Objective: To characterize the profile of viral miRNAs, their mechanisms of pathogenesis and describe their interaction with the host. Methods: This research is an integrative review, the keywords were standardized according to the Descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS), the databases consulted were the NCBI, LILACS, VHL and SciELO. Results: MiRNAs negatively regulate IFNγ, RIGI signaling, suppressing the innate immune response, function as immunomodulators also being positively regulated and various pathways such as PI3K/Akt and ERK/MAPK maintain pathogenesis. The negative regulation of interferon type I signaling, inhibiting cytotoxicity of natural killer lymphocytes attenuates the immune response and leads to depletion of the immune system by these molecules, members of the Let-7 family can repress the apoptosis pathway by inhibiting BCL2L2 potentiating infections. Final consideration: MiRNAs are driven by a wide spectrum of interactions, causing deregulation of signaling pathways in infectious processes, however, these molecules can be therapeutic biomarkers of interest, aiding in the prognosis and diagnosis of patients with viral infections.
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