Keywords
Bariatric surgery
Obesity management
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of obesity and its pharmacological and surgical treatment. Bibliographic review: Obesity is one of the main global health problems today, and individuals with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m 2 are considered obese. The available data suggest that the global burden of obesity has more than tripled since 1975, corresponding to 650 million people worldwide. Obesity is associated with several comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), hyperlipidemia and arterial hypertension (SAH). Final considerations: Obesity is a worldwide public health problem that is aggravated by the comorbidities that accompany it. Its treatment is done primarily with lifestyle interventions based on diet, physical activity and behavioral interventions. In addition, there are numerous pharmacological options that can be associated depending on the patient's indications. Metabolic and bariatric surgery is recommended for individuals with BMI > 34.9 kg/m2 with comorbidities such as SAH and DM2, being considered the main option for BMI greater than or equal to 40 kg/m2.
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