Keywords
Diverticulum
Gastroenterology
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of Diverticular Disease and Diverticulitis. Bibliographic review: Diverticular disease is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders among both inpatients and outpatients. Acute diverticulitis is the inflammatory complication of diverticular disease, which can be divided into complicated and uncomplicated. Acute uncomplicated diverticulitis is characterized by the presence of localized inflammation with or without small intramural abscesses in the wall of the colon, typically sigmoid. Complicated diverticulitis, on the other hand, includes pericolic abscesses, peritonitis, obstruction, and fistula. Progression from uncomplicated to complicated diverticulitis occurs in 12% of patients. Final considerations: Diverticulitis is one of the main gastrointestinal conditions, whose incidence is increasing due to Western habits such as diet and low fiber intake, obesity and physical inactivity, in addition to exposure to medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Hospital treatment is performed when the patient does not tolerate oral intake, vomits excessively, shows signs of peritonitis, is immunocompromised or in advanced age. Complications of diverticulitis occur in approximately 12% of patients, the most common being phlegmon or abscess, followed by peritonitis, obstruction and fistula.
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