Keywords
respiratory infections
risk factors
prevention
infection control
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To verify the profile of patients admitted to an adult ICU and the risk factors associated with the occurrence of VAP. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out between January 2018 and December 2020, whose participants were individuals admitted to the adult ICU of a hospital in ES. Results: A total of 425 people were included in the study. Multinomial binary logistic regression showed that patients with MV time between 10 and 14 days (OR = 6.94; p < 0.001; 95% CI = 1.99 – 24.42) and more than 14 days (OR = 7. 15; p < 0.001; 95% CI = 2.78 – 20.94) were more prone to VAP. Associations were found between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR = 2.75; p < 0.05; 95% CI = 0.64 – 9.87), type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.70; p < 0.001; CI 95% = 1.13 – 6.34), COVID-19 (OR = 2.07; p < 0.01; 95% CI = 0.75 – 5.38) and occurrence of VAP. Conclusion: Patients with increased duration of MV, with comorbidities and hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection are at high risk of developing VAP.
References
AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE VIGILÂNCIA SANITÁRIA (ANVISA). Critérios diagnósticos de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde. 2017; 135.
AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE VIGILÂNCIA SANITÁRIA (ANVISA). Nota técnica GVIMS/GGTES/ANVISA nº 02/2021: Critérios diagnósticos das infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde. 2021; 35.
AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY (ATS). Guidelines for management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. J Res Crit Care Med, 2005; 171(4): 388-416.
ANDRIOLO BN, et al. Early versus late tracheostomy for critically ill patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2015; 1(1): CD007271.
BACCOLINI V, et al. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare-associated infections in intensive care unit patients: a retrospective cohort study. Antimicro Resist Infect Control, 2021; 10(1): 87.
CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC). Pneumonia (ventilatorassociated [VAP] and non-ventilator-associated pneumonia [PNEU]) event. Atlanta: CDC, 2023; 19.
CRAVEN TH, et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia surveillance using two methods. J Hosp Infect, 2020; 104(4): 522-528.
CUI JB, et al. Risk factors for early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. Braz J Med Biol Res, 2020; 1353(1): e6830.
DANANCHÉ C, et al. Trends of incidence and risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in elderly patients admitted to French icus between 2007 and 2014. Crit Care Med, 2018; 46(6): 869-77.
DILING WU, et al. Risk Factors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically III Patients. Front Pharmacol, 2019; 9(10): 482.
GRASSELLI G, et al. Hospital-acquired infections in critically Ill patients with COVID-19. Chest, 2021; 160(2): 454-65.
HASSOUN-KHEIR N, et al. Risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia following cardiac surgery: case-control study. J Hosp Infect., 2020; S0195-6701(20): 30184-5.
KÓZKA M, et al. Risk Factors of Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020; 17(2): 656.
LOPEZ-DE-ANDRES A, et al. Sex differences in hospital-acquired pneumonia among patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients: retrospective cohort study using hospital discharge data in Spain (2016-2019). Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021; 18(23): 12645.
MAES M, et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Crit Care, 2021; 25(1): 25.
NSEIR S, et al. Relationship between obesity and ventilator-associated pneumonia: a post hoc analysis of the NUTRIREA trial. Chest, 2021; 159(6): 2309-17.
NÚÑEZ SA, et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients on prolonged mechanical ventilation: description, risk factors for mortality, and performance of the SOFA score. J Bras Pneumol, 2021; 47(3): e20200569.
PAPAZIAN L, et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a narrative review. Intensive Care Med, 2020; 46(5): 888-906.
SHAH H, et al. Trends and Factors Associated With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A National Perspective. Cureus, 2022; 14(3): e23634.
SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE PNEUMOLOGIA E TISIOLOGIA (SBPT). Diretrizes brasileiras para o tratamento das pneumonias adquiridas no hospital e das associadas à ventilação mecânica. J Brasil Pneumol, 2007; 33(1): S1-S30.
WU D, et al. Risk Factors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically III Patients. Front, 2019; 10: 482.
YIN M and LIU M. Effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease combined with ventilator-associated pneumonia on patient outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med, 2020; 20(6): 273.
ZHAO X, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of healthcare-associated infection in elderly patients in a large Chinese tertiary hospital: a 3-year surveillance study. BMC Infect Dis. 2020; 20(1): 121.
SHAH H, et al. Trends and Factors Associated With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A National Perspective. Cureus, 2022; 14(3): e23634.