Keywords
Risk factors
Diabetes mellitus type 2
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Abstract
Objective: To identify risk factors for falls in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the literature. Methods: Integrative literature review, with articles published between 2017 and 2022, with controlled descriptors: “risk factors”, “predictive factors”, “accidents due to falls”, “diabetes mellitus” and “type 2 diabetes mellitus”. The research was carried out in the SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE/Pubmed, BDENF and academic Google databases. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, with cohort studies prevailing among them. Results: The risk factors for falls in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the studies evaluated were: changes in postural balance, gait instability and changes in the sensitivity of the feet due to diabetic polyneuropathy, vision impaired by diabetic retinopathy, use of hypoglycemic agents and episodes of hypoglycemia. The presence of sarcopenia was also associated with the risk of falls and fractures. Final considerations: The microvascular complications of diabetes and hypoglycemia are the main risk factors for falls in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The research is limited by the number of articles used in the sample. It is believed that there is a need for more research on the risk of falls in the population with diabetes.
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