Keywords
Early Diagnosis
Prenatal Care
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To identify the importance of early diagnosis of syphilis in pregnant women to prevent vertical transmission. Methods: This is a literature review in PubMed (NIH - National Library of Medicine), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) of studies published between 2018 and 2022. The descriptors "Congenital syphilis", "Early diagnosis" and "Prenatal" were used. Results:Eight articles were selected, grouped into 3 categories, namely "influence of diagnostic tests on coverage of maternal syphilis treatment", "relationship between late diagnosis, inadequate treatment and prevention" and "influence of health education and behavioral interventions in care prenatal care in prevention". Measures such as targeted diagnostic tests, early diagnosis, and educational and behavioral interventions are related to greater prenatal coverage and a reduction in late diagnoses and inadequate treatment. Conclusion: The Brazilian reality points to weaknesses in attracting pregnant women, continuity of prenatal exams and lack of adequate information for the population, it is important to adopt strategies to encourage these practices together with the availability of rapid tests for early diagnosis and adherence to continuous treatment and prenatal care performed correctly.
References
ALTHABE F, et al. A multifaceted intervention to improve syphilis screening and treatment in pregnant women in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo and in Lusaka, Zambia: a cluster randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Global Health. 2019; 7(5): e655–e663.
ANDRADE EC, et al. Epidemiologia da sífilis congênita no Brasil: Uma revisão sistemática. Principia: Caminhos da Iniciação Científica. 2021; 20: 23.
CESAR JA, et al. Não realização de teste sorológico para sífilis durante o pré-natal: prevalência e fatores associados. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia. 2020; 23: e200012.
DOMINGUES CSB, et al. Protocolo brasileiro para infecções sexualmente transmissíveis 2020: sífilis congênita e criança exposta à sífilis. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde. 2021; 30: e2020597.
FERNANDES LPMR, et al. Missed opportunities in treating pregnant women’s sexual partners with syphilis: a systematic review. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil. 2021; 21(2): 361–368.
GASPAR PC, et al. Protocolo brasileiro para infecções sexualmente transmissíveis 2020: testes diagnósticos para sífilis. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde. 2021; 30.
GONÇALVES MM, et al. Os desafios no tratamento da sífilis gestacional / the challenges in treating management syphilis. ID on line Revista de Psicologia. 2020; 14(49): 106–113.
HOLZTRATTNER JS, et al. Sífilis congênita: realização do pré-natal e tratamento da gestante e de seu parceiro. Cogitare Enfermagem. 2019; 24.
LI Z, et al. Incidence and associated predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes of maternal syphilis in China, 2016–19: a Cox regression analysis. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2020; 128(6): 994–1002.
LIMA ISS, et al. Sífilis congênita: obstáculos enfrentados no tratamento e na prevenção de novos casos. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Científico. 2022; 41: e9526.
LIU Z, et al. Evaluating the progress to eliminate mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis in Hunan Province, China: A study based on a health service delivery model. PLOS ONE. 2018; 13(9): e0203565.
LUIZ G, et al. Análise do rastreamento oportuno da sífilis no pré-natal de baixo risco Analysis of timely syphilis screening in low-risc prenatal. Revista Aletheia. 2020; 53(1): 133-145.
MACÊDO VC, et al. Sífilis na gestação: barreiras na assistência pré-natal para o controle da transmissão vertical. Cadernos Saúde Coletiva. 2020; 28(4): 518–528.
MATTHIAS J, et al. Exploring changes in maternal and congenital syphilis epidemiology to identify factors contributing to increases in congenital syphilis in Florida: a two time-period observational study (2013–2014 vs 2018–2019). BMJ Open. 2022; 12(8): e065348.
MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE. 2022. Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas para Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) — Português (Brasil). Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/aids/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/pcdts/2022/ist/pcdt-ist-2022_isbn-1.pdf/view. Acessado em: 27 de maio de 2023.
NASCIMENTO DZ, et al. Diagnóstico precoce da sífilis em gestantes: Prevalência de sorologia positiva do teste VDRL e realização do teste rápido imunocromatográfico em um hospital do Sul de Santa Catarina. Rev. Assoc. Méd. Rio Gd. do Sul. 2021; 65(3).
PAULA MA, et al. Diagnóstico e tratamento da sífilis em gestantes nos serviços de Atenção Básica. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva. 2022; 27(8): 3331–3340.
PÍCOLI RP e CAZOLA LHO. Missed opportunities in preventing mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in the indigenous population in central Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil. 2023; 22: 823–831.
RIGO FL, et al. Assistance and educational factors associated to congenital syphilis in a referral maternity: a case-control study. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil. 2021; 21(1): 127–137.
ROCHA AFB, et al. Complications, clinical manifestations of congenital syphilis, and aspects related to its prevention: an integrative review. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem. 2021; 74.
ROSA LGF, et al. Análise do rastreamento oportuno da sífilis no pré-natal de baixo risco. Revista Aletheia. 2020; 53(1): 133-145.
SILVA KAG, et al. Desfechos em fetos e recém-nascidos expostos a infecções na gravidez. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem. 2021; 74(3).
SOUSA LMM, et al. A metodologia da revisão integrativa de literatura em enfermagem. Revista Investigação em Enfermagem. 2017; 17-26.
VESCOVI JS e SCHUELTER-TREVISOL F. Increase of incidence of congenital syphilis in santa catarina state between 2007-2017: temporal trend analysis. Revista Paulista de Pediatria. 2020; 38.