Keywords
Gastrointestinal complications
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
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Abstract
Objective: Identify and correlate the main molecular, physiological and tissue impacts of obesity on gastrointestinal and liver disorders. Bibliographical review: Obesity is a global public health problem, in Brazil, according to the National Health Survey (PNS, 2020), currently more than half of adults are overweight (60.3%, which represents 96 million people), with a higher prevalence among females (62.6%) than males (57.5%). Obesity is directly linked to problems such as insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and risk of cardiovascular diseases, however, several diseases may underlie these conditions, mainly gastrointestinal and liver diseases, therefore, understanding their pathophysiological mechanisms becomes essential for possible medical interventions. Final considerations: Gastrointestinal and liver complications and diseases become more pronounced in obesity, with a high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux, erosive esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, erosive gastritis, dysbiosis, diarrhea, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and even gastric cancer. Furthermore, interventions and early diagnosis reflect positively on the survival of these patients, in this sense, the gastroenterologist together with the multidisciplinary team is extremely important in the clinical management of obesity and its complications.
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