Conscious sedation in dental procedures: an emphasis on clinical and pharmacological aspects

Abstract

Objective: To gather and synthesize available evidence on anxiety control during dental procedures through conscious sedation, based on a literature review from major databases, aiming to contribute to the decision-making process of dentists in clinical practice. Literature review: Conscious sedation is highly effective when indicated, as it allows achieving the goals of dental procedures with less trauma to the patient and increased comfort. However, the prescription of these medications is lower than expected, especially in Brazil, where there is a low prescription and recommendation of sedation techniques, along with irrational prescription contributing to self-medication and adverse effects in patients. Final considerations: Conscious sedation in dental procedures using herbal medicines, benzodiazepines, nitrous oxide, and oxygen (or combined techniques) provides anxiety, fear, and phobia control, ensuring operator safety during treatment and promoting greater patient comfort for a better overall experience. Despite this, many professionals feel insecure and inexperienced in this area, making it essential for dentists to rely on scientific principles and acquire skills to handle sedation techniques.