Keywords
Cardiac resynchronization therapy devices
Risk factors
Artificial pacemaker
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Abstract
Objective: To identify the risk factors associated with the emergence of postoperative infections in patients with implantable electronic cardiac devices (CIED) through a literature analysis. Methods: This is a integrative review based on the PRISMA methodology, where fully available articles published between 2018 and 2023 were analyzed, using the Boolean operator AND and the descriptors "cardiac implantable electronic device", "infection", "complications" and "treatment". In PubMed, 794 articles published in English were found, 7 of which fit the topic. Results: Several risk factors were identified, such as chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, history of Staphylococcus aureus infection, long-term procedures and advanced age, associated with the development of CIED-related infections. Despite its high efficacy, infections and complications, such as cardiac tamponade, pneumothorax and pocket hematoma, associated with CIED have the potential to result in serious consequences and can significantly impact patients' health, increasing morbidity and mortality. Final considerations: The study highlighted the influence of risk factors on the incidence of CIED-related infections. Therefore, it is crucial to implement more effective and targeted measures and strategies to prevent and treat these infections, aiming to improve patients outlook on life.
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