Keywords
Metabolically Abnormal Obese
Metabolic Obesity in People with Normal Body Weight
Sarcopenic Obesity
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the complexity of obesity and classify its subtypes based on diagnostic criteria, in addition to emphasizing the importance of physical activity and the preservation of cardiorespiratory fitness and the specific and multidisciplinary approaches necessary to combat these complex conditions. Literature review: This review addressed four types of obesity, each with distinct clinical and metabolic characteristics. Metabolically Healthy Obese individuals exhibit obesity but show an apparent absence of associated metabolic disorders. In contrast, Metabolically Unhealthy Obese individuals include those with overweight and metabolic syndrome, characterized by alterations in biomarkers and an adverse metabolic profile. Metabolic Obesity in Normal Weight Individuals challenges expectations, revealing metabolic disturbances in individuals seemingly within normal weight limits. Sarcopenic Obesity, presenting a challenging intersection between obesity and age-related loss of muscle mass, requires approaches to preserve physical function. Final considerations: Personalized strategies are essential to address the diversity of obesity phenotypes. Understanding the different subtypes is crucial for developing more effective prevention and treatment strategies, aiming to reduce weight, promote metabolic health and quality of life.
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