Keywords
Mental health
Intensive Care Unit
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of working conditions in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) on healthcare professionals' mental health, focusing on the phenomenon of moral distress and its relation to burnout. Methods: The study utilized a qualitative approach, conducting an integrative literature review to compile and analyze studies related to stress, moral distress, and burnout among healthcare professionals in ICUs. Articles published between 2019 and 2024 were selected using databases like PubMed and CAPES, analyzed according to the PICO methodology (Patients, Interventions, Comparators, and Outcomes). Results: The findings revealed that ICU professionals experience high levels of psychological stress, exacerbated by intense ethical dilemmas and challenging working conditions, which often lead to burnout. A significant relationship between moral distress stemming from ethical conflicts and professional burnout was observed, negatively impacting mental health and job satisfaction. Final considerations: It is crucial to develop support strategies and interventions focused on the well-being and resilience of professionals, including crisis management training and psychological support. The research underscores the importance of work environments that respect ethical dilemmas and promote a culture of support and recognition of the challenges faced by healthcare professionals in ICUs.
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