Keywords
Trauma in athletes
Temporomandibular disorders
Sports
Exercise
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Abstract
Objective: Identify orofacial implications in high-impact sports practices. Literature Review: High impact sports such as soccer, basketball, Crossfit®, volleyball, handball, and weightlifting were associated with a high prevalence of dental fractures, subluxations, avulsions, abfractions, temporomandibular joint disorders, bruxism, and mandibular fractures. Awake bruxism was more associated with Crossfit® (~40%) and Resistance Training (28%), posing a risk for temporomandibular dysfunction and abfraction lesions. Dental and mandibular fractures were more commonly associated with soccer (~30%), basketball (12-30%), and volleyball (~7%). Handball showed a higher incidence of tissue injuries. Sociodemographic data demonstrate a higher occurrence in males aged 18 to 30. Final Considerations: The main orofacial injuries in high-impact activities are fractures, lacerations, temporomandibular dysfunction and abfraction. Mouthguards prevent these injuries, highlighting the role of the dentist in sports medicine. It is crucial to raise awareness about prevention, encourage use and overcome aesthetic, communicational and financial obstacles.
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