Keywords
Human immunodeficiency virus
Death
Nurse and opportunistic infections
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Abstract
Objective: To identify the main opportunistic infections (OIs) associated with people with human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV). Methods: This is an integrative literature review, including articles in Portuguese and English from 2019 to 2023. Articles were collected from the Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), Medeline (International Health Sciences Literature) and Scielo (Scientifique Electronic Library) databases. Thus, 16 publications were included in the study. Results: The main OIs prevalent in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are pneumonia, tuberculosis, oral candidiasis, dermatitis, cryptococcal meningitis, central nervous system (CNS) toxoplasmosis, herpes zoster and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). That said, there was an immunological disposition in the body of PLWHA to become infected with OIs, causing an increase in morbidity and mortality rates. Finally, the care provided by nurses to PLWHA was highlighted. Final considerations: It was found that PLWHA who interrupt or suspend the use of ART accelerate the replication of the virus, through the low CD4 lymphocyte count, resulting in OIs, increasing the risk of death. In view of the above, all the assistance provided by primary care and the nursing team, which are precursors to health promotion, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, is indispensable.
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