Keywords
Surgical wound infection
Neonatology
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Abstract
Objective: To identify the main factors associated with surgical site infection (SSI) in neonatology. Methods: This is an integrative review, conducted using the EMBASE, OVID, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, with the following descriptors: “Neonate”, “Neonatal”, “Newborn”, “Surgery”, “Surgical site infection”, and “Surgical wound infection”. Studies published between 2014 and 2024 that included neonates with less than 44 weeks of gestational age admitted to NICUs were included. Results: The final sample consisted of 08 articles, with a higher concentration of publications in the years 2016 and 2021. Most studies were conducted in the USA, and the predominant research designs were cohort studies. Factors such as low birth weight, multiple surgical interventions, use of central venous catheters, and colonization by MRSA were strongly associated with the incidence of SSI. Final considerations: This review highlights the importance of targeted preventive interventions and continuous monitoring to mitigate the risk of SSI in neonates. Strategies such as enhanced surveillance of aseptic practices and judicious use of antibiotics are crucial for improving clinical outcomes.
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