The main classes of medications used in the treatment of obesity

Abstract

Objective: To review on the classes of medications used in the treatment of obesity, exploring the pathophysiology, the categories of drugs approved by ANVISA, as well as their efficacy and safety. Literature review: Obesity is classified as a chronic and progressive disease which causes harm to health, the appearance and worsening of chronic diseases such as diabetes and pathologies of the cardiovascular system. The main environmental and social factors are related to poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, and way of living. Currently, in Brazil, the classes of medications approved by Anvisa for the treatment of obesity are lipoprotein lipase enzyme inhibitors (Orlistat), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (Sibutramine), and GLP1 hormone analogs (Liraglutide), which act on the central nervous system by modifying the perception of hunger and satiety as well as helping to reduce fat absorption in the intestine. Conclusion: In summary, this study highlights the importance of the main types of medications approved by Anvisa in combating obesity, providing a comprehensive view of the therapeutic options available to effectively address this increasingly common health condition.