Keywords
HIV
Diagnostic test
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Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia using the CrAg-LFA test in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are being treated with antiretroviral drugs, correlating this with the presence of Cryptococcus spp. in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), detected through microbiological culture. Methods: The study was carried out from April/2021 to July/2021 on a sample of 250 PLHIV attending the HIV/AIDS referral clinic at the Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital (RJ). We assessed the prevalence of infections and the correlation between CD4+ T lymphocyte levels and the occurrence of neurological cryptococcosis, the diagnosis of which was defined by microbiological culture from the CSF or by direct mycological examination. The statistical analysis consisted of Cohen's Kappa test with classification by Landis & Koch (1977). For this purpose, we used the SPSS 27 for Mac IBM program. Results: We detected the prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia in 8.8% of patients (95% CI 5.5-13.3%). The concordance between cryptococcal antigenemia and neurocryptococcosis was robust (0.875; p=0.0001). Conclusion: The prevalence of antigenemia in the study population and the concordance in detecting cryptococcal antigen in serum and CSF indicate the need for serum CrAg-LFA in PLHIV, regardless of viral load or ART status.
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