Keywords
Menopause
Breast neoplasms and climacteric
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Abstract
Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of breast cancer (BC) in women undergoing hormone therapy during climacteric (HT). Methods: Integrative review of scientific literature conducted through systematic search in LILACS and PUBMED databases between 2018 and 2023. Fifteen articles were selected for the research. Results: The use of HT is associated with an increased incidence of BC, with these risks exacerbated by factors related to hormone administration and individual risks. The incidence increases with the duration of the replacement and proportionally with the age at the beginning of treatment. The use of vaginal estrogens presents the lowest risk among the options, while the use of isolated estrogen through transdermal or oral routes shows a lower incidence of BC than the use through the same routes of combined formulations of estrogen and progesterone, particularly synthetic progestogens. Likewise, weight gain in post-menopause is more associated with the risk of BC. Final considerations: All types of HT, except for vaginal estrogens, are associated with a higher incidence of breast cancer, especially the combination of estrogen and progestin, particularly in slender women. Individual risk-benefit assessment is essential before prescribing HT for climacteric symptoms.
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