Keywords
Genetic therapy
Insulin-secreting cells
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Abstract
Objective: Recognize models, applications and target genes of gene therapy in the management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1). Methods: Integrative literature review, carried out using the Pubmed and Medline databases, through the Virtual Health Library (VHL). Descriptors related to Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Gene Therapy and Pancreatic Beta Cells were used, in addition to Boolean operators: AND and/or OR. 1080 articles were identified, of which 17 were selected for conclusive analysis, according to the eligibility criteria. Results: A wide variety of therapeutic approaches for the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes through Gene Therapy are highlighted. These include interventions on proteins linked to the etiopathology of DM1, use of viral vectors, manipulation of transcription factors in pancreatic beta cells, immunological modulation and management of cellular transdifferentiation to achieve normoglycemia. Final considerations: The application of gene therapy in DM1 shows promising perspectives for intervention, enabling the reversal of the condition and better control of glycemic levels. However, there are still limitations regarding the long-term effects and the need for greater financial support for research on human beings.
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