Keywords
Nursing theory
Self-care
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Abstract
Objective: To carry out a reflective analysis regarding the care needs of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the family caregiver's knowledge to encourage self-care in light of Dorothea Elizabeth Orem's Self-Care Theory. Bibliographical review: Through literature analysis, two reflective axes were constructed: “Self-care deficit in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from the perspective of Orem's Theory” and “Self-care capabilities and actions stimulated by parents/caregivers”. The clinical criteria for this disorder are related to difficulties in social communication, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests and activities, in which diagnosis and early behavioral intervention reduce the severity of the disorder. Among the main limitations of self-care are social isolation, personal hygiene, eating and dressing. Study results showed that 36.6% of the parents of these children stated that they had insufficient knowledge about the disorder and were unprepared to deal with issues related to the general care of the child. Final considerations: The development of educational actions based on Dorothea Elizabeth Orem's Self-Care Theory favors self-care with a positive impact on the quality of life of both the child diagnosed with the disorder and their parents/caregivers.
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