Keywords
HIV
Preterm birth
Mycoplasma
Ureaplasma
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Abstract
Objective: To compare the cervicovaginal prevalence of the Mollicutes species: Mycoplasma genitalium, M. hominis, Ureaplasma parvum, and U. urealyticum in pregnant women according to HIV infection status. Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study that included 29 HIV-positive and 34 HIV-negative pregnant women. All participants completed a questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic and behavioral data. Cervicovaginal samples were collected and molecularly tested for the four Mollicutes species. Prevalence rates were compared between the study groups utilizing Fisher's exact test or Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of Mollicutes was superior in HIV-positive participants (51.7%; n=15), when compared to the HIV-negative group (12.0%; n=4), (p<0.001). The most frequently species detected was U. parvum, present in 12 (41.4%) samples from HIV-positive pregnant women and 2 (6.0%) HIV-negative participant (p<0.01). The longitudinal analysis showed that pregnant women with HIV had a higher number of positive moments for Mollicutes compared to HIV-negative women (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence rates of Mollicutes reported in this study may guide new diagnostic strategies for these microorganisms, if clinically indicated.
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