Keywords
Epidemiology
Multidrug-resistant organisms
Sexually Transmitted Infections
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Abstract
Objective: To describe scientific evidence on trends and clinical repercussions inherent in the occurrence of drug resistance for the treatment of sexually transmitted infections. Methods: The PRISMA model was used to select studies, including research published between 2018 and 2023, and excluding those that did not answer the guiding question of the study. Results: The main STIs associated with the problem were gonorrhea, cited in 56% of the articles, followed by urethritis and cervicitis in 44%, and chlamydia in 8%. The main classes of drugs associated with bacterial resistance in STIs were macrolides (40%), cephalosporins (20%), and fluoroquinolones (16%). One of the main trends detected was an increase in the spread of resistance, mainly for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Final considerations: Taken together, the data highlights the growing global threat of antimicrobial-resistant STI pathogens, projected to cause a significant increase in morbidity and mortality rates, and thus, innovative and coordinated interventions are essential to preserve the effectiveness of treatments and meet global public health goals. In addition, treatment based on microbiological and rational evidence, as well as the implementation of effective local and global screening and surveillance programs, are crucial.
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