Keywords
Vitamin D
Pregnant women
Vitamin deficiency
Low birth weight
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the prevalence and association of low birth weight among pregnant women with hypovitaminosis D. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on a database collected from pregnant women undergoing prenatal care. A database was created with variables of interest for analysis in Stata 12.1. Chi Square test was used to verify the association between hypovitaminosis D and low birth weight. Results: The pregnant women were aged between 20 and 35 (76.9%), lived in urban areas (97.9%), were black/brown (72.6%), married or in a stable or in a stable union (79%), salaried (53.9%), with an income of less than half a minimum wage (38.7%), and with basic education (81.2%). Half had no history of miscarriage (56.1%), started prenatal care in the first trimester (71.8%), and had vaginal delivery (51.1%). The newborns were of adequate weight (61.7%) and were born at term (91.8%). The proportion of low birth weight was 10%, and there was no significant association between hypovitaminosis D in pregnant women and low birth weight. Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D in pregnant women is a public health concern, but the relationship with low birth weight still requires further investigation.
References
BRASIL. Nota técnica da Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. 2019. Disponível em: https://www.sbp.com.br/fileadmin/user_upload/Nota_Tecnica_2019_Prematuridade.pdf. Acessado em: 18 de abril de 2023.
CHAWLA D, et al. Racial and ethnic differences in predictors of vitamin D among pregnant women in south-eastern USA. Journal of Nutritional Science, 2019; 8.
CHRISOSTOMO KR, et al. Current view of vitamin D in pregnant women: a review. Nascer e crescer - Birth and Growth Medical Journal, 2019; 28(2):77–83.
COLONETTI T, et al. Suplementação de vitamina D durante a gravidez para a prevenção da deficiência de vitamina D em recém-nascidos: uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil, 2022; 22:199–211.
CURTIS EM, et al. Maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy. British Medical Bulletin, 2018; 126:57–77.
DUTRA LV, et al. Effects of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on newborns and infants: An integrative review. Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 2021;39.
FERRAZ TR e NEVES ET. Atores de risco para baixo peso ao nascer em maternidades públicas: um estudo transversal. Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, 2011; 86–92.
FILHO IJZ, et al. Major Meta-Analysis, Randomized Clinical Studies, and International Consensus on Serum Levels and Importance of Supplementing Vitamin D: State of the art. Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2021; 2(2):54–66.
GALIASSI GER, et al. Perfil epidemiológico e sociodemográfico de recém-nascidos de baixo peso no estado de Mato Grosso, no período de 2015 a 2019. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2021; 4(ISSN: 2595-6825).
GALVÃO LO, et al. Considerações atuais sobre a vitamina D. Revista Brasília Médica, 2013; 50(2236-5117):324–32.
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Washington: The National Academies Press, 2011; 75-77p.
JIANG X, et al. Association between maternal vitamin D status with pregnancy outcomes and offspring growth in a population of Wuxi, China. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2021; 30(3):464–76.
KESHAVARZ P, et al. Maternal vitamin D status among different ethnic groups and its potential contribution to adverse pregnancy and child outcomes. In: Vitamin D Deficiency. Londres: IntechOpen, 2020; 33–52p.
KILSZTAJN S, et al. Assistência pré-natal, baixo peso e prematuridade no Estado de São Paulo, 2000. Revista de Saúde Pública, 2003; 37(3):303–10.
LIU Y, et al. Effects of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on offspring health at birth: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails. Clinical Nutrition, 2022;41(7):1532–40.
MAEDA SS, et al. Recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia (SBEM) para o diagnóstico e tratamento da hipovitaminose D. Arquivo Brasileiro de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, 2014; 58(5).
MAIA RRP, SOUZA JMP. Fatores associados ao baixo peso ao nascer em município do norte do brasil. Revista Brasileira de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento Humano, 2010; 735–44.
MANSUR JL, et al. Vitamin D: Before, during and after Pregnancy: Effect on Neonates and Children. Nutrients, 2022; 14(1900).
MARTINI LA e PETERS BSE. Cálcio e vitamina D: fisiologia, nutrição e doenças associadas. São Paulo: Manole, 2017; 22-23p.
MINAGAWA ÁT, et al. Baixo peso ao nascer e condições maternas no pré-natal. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 2006; 40:548–54.
PALACIOS C, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy. Cochrane Library, 2019; (7).
ROTH DE, et al. Vitamin D Supplementation in Pregnancy and Lactation and Infant Growth. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2018; 379(6):535–46.
SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ENDOCRINOLOGIA E METABOLOGIA. 2017. In: Vitamina D: Novos Valores de Referência. Rio de Janeiro: SBEM. Disponível em: https://www.endocrino.org.br/vitamina-d-novos-valores-de-referencia/. Acessado em: 18 de abril de 2023.
SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE PEDIATRIA. Guia Prático de Atualização: Hipovitaminose D em pediatria: recomendações para o diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção. 2016. Disponível em: https://www.sbp.com.br/fileadmin/user_upload/2016/12/Endcrino-Hipovitaminose-D.pdf. Acessado em: 18 de abril de 2023.
SOUZA JRJL, et al. Hypovitaminosis D in pregnancy: Is it a public health issue? Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil, 2019; 19:197–205.
TAVARES GPC, et al. Fatores de risco de baixo peso ao nascer: estudo analítico ecológico de múltiplos grupos. Jornal Memorial da Medicina, 2019; 1(2):46–56.
TOURINHO AB e REIS LBSM. Peso ao Nascer: Uma Abordagem Nutricional. Comunicação em Ciências da Saúde, 2012; 22(4):19–30.
URRUTIA-PEREIRA M e SOLÉ D. Deficiência de vitamina D na gravidez e o seu impacto sobre o feto, o recém-nascido e na infância. Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 2015;33(1):104–13.
VIANA KJ, et al. Peso ao nascer de crianças brasileiras menores de dois anos. Caderno de Saúde Pública, 2013; 349–56.
WHO. Nutritional interventions update: Vitamin D supplements during pregnancy. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240008120. Acessado em: 18 de abril de 2023.
ZHANG H, et al. Relationship between Maternal Vitamin D Levels and Adverse Outcomes. Nutrients, 2022;14(20):4230.