The evolution of acute Chagas Disease in the Western region of Bahia: clinical and epidemiological analysis of a decade (2014-2023)

Abstract

Objective: To understand the clinical and epidemiological aspects of acute Chagas disease in the western region of the state of Bahia. Methods: Descriptive and retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, using secondary data collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) of the Ministry of Health, considering the number of reported cases from 2014 to 2023. Results: A significant variation in the number of Chagas disease cases was observed over the years, with peaks of incidence in 2017 and constant increases in recent years. The vectorial route was the main form of infection. Most patients presented symptoms such as persistent fever, asthenia, and swelling of the face/limbs, while meningoencephalitis was less common. The western region of Bahia showed a relatively low incidence of cases over the years, with significant variations. In 2015, there was a peak of 18 cases, while in other years the variation was between 0 and 12 cases. Conclusion: The high rate of laboratory confirmation and the predominance of symptomatic cases highlight the need for continuous surveillance and intervention measures. The integration of control strategies and the promotion of effective public policies are essential for managing the disease in the region.