Technological advances in basal cell Carcinoma Diagnosis

Abstract

Objective: To elucidate evidence on the most effective and accessible diagnostic techniques for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), comparing traditional methods such as dermoscopy and biopsy with new non-invasive approaches. Methods: The research utilized the PVO strategy in databases, focusing on publications from 2019 to 2023 on diagnostic techniques for BCC. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 articles were selected. Results: The comparison of technologies in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and clinical applicability highlighted dermoscopy for its high sensitivity and specificity, despite limitations in complex lesions. Some emerging techniques, such as optical coherence tomography, confocal microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, showed great potential in diagnosing lesions in hard-to-reach areas or tumors with atypical presentation. Conclusions: Less invasive and more effective interventions for BCC diagnosis are being enabled by technological innovations. The combined use of these techniques with other imaging technologies has improved diagnostic accuracy. However, further research is still needed to refine and standardize the use of these tools in clinical practice.