Keywords
Cancer patients
Peritoneal metastasis
Palliative surgeries
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Abstract
Objective: To explore and analyze the evidence on abdominal emergencies in oncology patients, identifying the main challenges in diagnosis and treatment, as well as their implications for prognosis and quality of life. Methods: This study is a narrative literature review conducted following the PVO strategy. Searches were performed in the PubMed Central (PMC) database using specific terms, resulting in 106 articles. After applying the inclusion criteria – articles from the last 10 years related to the topic – 15 articles were selected. Results: Palliative surgeries for patients with malignant intestinal obstruction lack clear criteria to identify those who may benefit. Seprafilm is widely used in the prevention of intestinal obstructions due to adhesions after gastrointestinal surgeries, without increasing complications such as infections or leaks. The use of somatostatin or octreotide reduces pancreatic secretions, favoring conservative management. In colorectal cancer surgery, complications such as incisional hernia (IH) and surgical site infections (SSI) directly affect recovery and quality of life. Conclusions: Further investigations and continuous professional updates are needed to improve the quality of life for oncology patients.
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