Keywords
Inflammatory bowel disease
Periodontitis
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Abstract
Objective: Explain the interrelationship between periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: Literature review with data extracted from the following databases: United States National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). Selecting articles published between 2014 and 2024, in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Using the descriptors: “Periodontitis”, “inflammatory bowel disease” and “periodontal disease”. Results: Despite being on opposite sides of the digestive system, the intestine and oral cavity connect microbial and immunological connections that support, in a bidirecional way, general health. Recent findings in the literature suggest a strong link between periodontal diseases and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),in which inflammatory changes originating in the oral cavity can cause inflammation in intestinal tissues.Relevant associations between periodontitis and IBD have been found, in particular related to Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, as well as patients with Crohn's disease have higher salivary levels of cytokines and metalloproteinases compared to systemically healthy individuals, which results in worsening of the conditions. Periodontal condition. Final considerations: It is concluded that according to the data available in the literature, the existence of a bidirecional relationship between periodontal disease and inflammatory bowel disease is suggestive, mediated by mechanisms such as microbial dysbiosis, systemic inflammations and immunological dysregulations. However, more longitudinal studies are still needed to clarify the specific biological pathways involved
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