Keywords
Tobacco use
Cardiovascular diseases
Lung
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: Analyze the relationship between tobacco use in active and passive smokers and the development of cardiopulmonary diseases among medical students from a university in the interior of São Paulo. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study conducted with 129 students. Questionnaires assessed smoking habits, nicotine dependence levels, and health conditions. Logistic regression and chi-square tests were used to identify correlations with comorbidities. Results: Among participants, 15.9% were active smokers, and 49% reported exposure to secondhand smoke. Among active smokers, 35% presented cardiopulmonary comorbidities such as asthma and bronchitis. Nicotine dependence was low for most, but early initiation of smoking indicates a higher risk of future dependence. Conclusion: Despite awareness of the harmful effects of tobacco, many students maintain the habit, often linked to emotional factors. Early cessation is crucial to reducing the risks of cardiopulmonary diseases and improving long-term health.
References
ALLAGBÉ I, et al. Cardiovascular Risk Among Patients Who Smoke: risk profiles and differences by sex. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine, 2022; 63(5): 800-808.
BATISTA WC, et al. Prevalência de tabagismo ativo e passivo durante a gravidez: estudo transversal. Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre, 2020; 61(2): 22-29.
BENOWITZ NL, LIAKONI E. Tobacco use disorderand cardiovascular health. Addiction, 2022; 117(4): 1128-1138.
BOLZAN AG, et al. Mortality Attributable to Tobacco Consumption in the Province of Buenos Aires. Estimation from the National Surveys of Risk Factors.Revistaargentina de cardiologia, 2023; 91(3): 265-272.
CHANDRA D, et al. “The Association Between Lung Hyperinflation and Coronary Artery Disease in Smokers”. Chest, 2021; 160(3): 858-871.
CHOI W, et al. Differential impact of smoking on cardiac or non-cardiac death according to age. PLoSOne, 2019; 14(10): e0224486.
EGGER PAL, et al. O risco do tabagismo passivo no desenvolvimento de pneumopatias. RevistaEletrônicaAcervo Médico, 2023; 23(1): 11877.
GALLUCCI G, et al. Cardiovascular risk of smoking and benefits of smoking cessation. Journal Of ThoracicDisease, 2020; 12(7): 3866-3876.
GIRALDO O, et al. Mortalidad atribuida al consumo de tabaco en Brasil. Revista Brasileira De Epidemiologia, 2021; 24: e210007.
GOUVEIA TDS, et al. Smoking history: relationships with inflammatory markers, metabolic markers, body composition, muscle strength, and cardiopulmonary capacity in current smokers. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, 2020; 46(5): e20180353.
HADDAD L, et al. A Systematic Review of Effects of Waterpipe Smoking on Cardiovascular and Respiratory Health Outcomes. Tobacco Use Insights, 2016; 9: 13-28.
HAN MK, et al. Bronchodilators in Tobacco-Exposed Persons with Symptoms and Preserved Lung Function. New England Journal of Medicine, 2022; 387(13): 1173-1184.
HERMAN M e TARRAN R. E-cigarettes, nicotine, the lung and the brain: multi-level cascading pathophysiology. The Journal of Physiology, 2020; 598(22): 5063-5071.
MACHADO LCF. A Influência do tabagismo na saúde da pessoa idosa. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Ciências da Saúde) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás. RevistaGestão e Saúde, 2022; 5551 p.
MÜNZEL T, et al. Effects of tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking on endothelial function and clinical outcomes. European Heart Journal, 2020; 41(41): 4057-4070.
ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE (OMS). Relatório global da OMS sobre as tendências na prevalência do tabagismo em 2015. 2015. Disponível em: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/156262/9789241564922_eng.pdf?sequência=1. Acessadoem: 21 de abril de 2023.
SALES MPU, et al. Update on the approach to smoking in patients with respiratory diseases. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, 2019; 45(3): e20180314.
SALVI S. Tobacco smoking and environmental risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Chest Med, 2014; 35(1): 17-27.
SERRANO GMP, et al. Smoking-related interstitial lung disease. Radiologia (Engl Ed), 2022; 64: 277- 289.
TSAI M, et al. Effects of e-cigarettes and vaping devices on cardiac and pulmonary physiology. The Journal of Physiology, 2020; 598(22): 5039–5062.