Keywords
Epidemiology
Malformations of the Digestive System
Surgical Procedures of the Digestive System
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the epidemiology of congenital malformations of the digestive system in the Northeast region of Brazil, using data from the Unified Health System (SUS) to understand hospital morbidity and associated factors. Methods: This is a retrospective and quantitative study focused on data from the Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) from 2019 to 2023. The target population includes hospitalized patients diagnosed with conditions from Chapter XVII of the ICD-10. Descriptive analyses were conducted, including measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as chi-square tests for demographic associations. Results: A total of 7,175 cases of congenital malformations were reported in the Northeast, with 31,117 cases nationwide. There is an observed trend of increasing hospitalizations, with 2023 recording the highest number of cases (1,837 hospitalizations). Ceará and Bahia showed significant growth, while Maranhão and Alagoas had smaller variations. The Northeast region had 54.84% of hospitalizations in children under 1 year old. The mortality rate in the region is 3.44, higher than the national average of 2.55. Conclusion: The SUS's capacity in the Northeast to address these conditions is limited by structural and organizational challenges, with a lack of infrastructure for complex surgeries.
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