Keywords
Enzymes
Bone matrix
Bone density
Enzyme activation
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Abstract
Objective: To highlight the physiological regulation of calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D in the development of osteoporosis, exploring their interaction and implications for bone health. Methods: This descriptive and qualitative work was produced based on bibliographic references from the last 5 years, using books and scientific articles to support the analysis of the relationship between the elements involved. Results: Intestinal absorption of calcium is facilitated by vitamin D, promoting bone mineralization by osteoblasts. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), secreted by the parathyroid glands, regulates calcium reabsorption by osteoclasts, promoting bone demineralization. When an imbalance occurs in these interactions, the risk of fractures increases due to the progression of osteoporosis, which is characterized by excessive loss of calcium from bones and consequent bone fragility. Final considerations: Understanding the interaction between calcium, vitamin D and PTH is essential for understanding the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Despite existing controversies, the informative findings highlight the importance of balancing these elements in promoting bone health and preventing fractures.
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