Keywords
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Intensive care
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Abstract
Objective: To explore and debate the advantages of using ECMO in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism in the context of intensive care. Methods: This integrative review sought to answer the following problem: “What are the clinical outcomes of the large-scale use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism, in the context of cardiovascular emergencies?”. The descriptors “Pulmonary Embolism”, “Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation” and “Intensive Care” were used for advanced search in the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Periódicos CAPES and ScienceDirect, with the formula "(Pulmonary embolism) AND (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) AND (Intensive Care)". Observational and interventional studies on the use of ECMO in the context of TEP were included, from 2019 to 2024, free and complete. Duplicates, tangents, literature reviews, case reports and animal studies were excluded. Results: Eight of 541 works were selected. ECMO stands out for its hemodynamic stabilization of critically ill patients with PTE and improved quality of life in the long term, especially if associated with traditional therapies and a well-trained team. Studies warn of bleeding complications, pointing out the need to screen beneficiaries. Final considerations: ECMO is valuable for improving the survival of unstable patients, requiring, however, good multidisciplinary training and solid evidence to optimize its risk-benefit in PTE.
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