Use of zinc in the treatment of childhood diarrhea

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the use of zinc in the treatment of childhood diarrhea, considering its impact on prognosis, management, and disease prevention. Literature review: Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age, particularly in developing countries. Zinc plays an essential role in modulating the immune system and maintaining intestinal mucosal integrity, contributing to faster recovery from diarrheal episodes. Several studies indicate that zinc supplementation reduces the severity and duration of diarrhea episodes and decreases the incidence of future episodes. The World Health Organization recommends 10 mg/day of zinc for infants under six months and 20 mg/day for children aged six months to five years, for a period of 10 to 14 days. Treatment should be combined with oral rehydration therapy to ensure proper recovery. Final considerations: It can be considered that zinc supplementation is an effective intervention in the management of childhood diarrhea, contributing to the reduction of severity, duration, and recurrence of episodes. Limitations such as treatment adherence and gaps in studies on adjusted doses should be addressed in future research to maximize its benefits.