Integration of palliative oncology care in primary health care: psychosocial approach and challenges

Abstract

Objective: Analyze the barriers to the integration of Palliative Care in Primary Care for oncology patients. Bibliographic review: Palliative Care (PC) is a multidisciplinary approach aimed at alleviating the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual suffering of patients with life-threatening diseases, providing quality of life to patients, caregivers, and families. The aging population and the epidemiological transition to non-communicable chronic diseases increase the demand for this care. In this context, PC is not limited to the terminal stage and is recommended from the diagnosis onward, offering comfort, reducing hospitalizations, and prolonging survival. In oncology, care directed to the whole patient ensures better treatment tolerance and well-being. Primary Health Care (PHC) is essential in organizing and managing PC within the Unified Health System (SUS), providing individualized management of palliative patient needs and reducing health service costs. Final Considerations: PC is fundamental in the treatment of patients with serious illnesses, ensuring dignity and quality of life. However, its early integration in PHC faces challenges such as lack of professional training, care fragmentation, and cultural stigma, which hinder broad and equitable access to this care model.