Keywords
Screening
Pregnant women
Prenatal care
Public health
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the sociodemographic profile and the prior knowledge of pregnant women regarding cervical cancer screening, as well as to evaluate screening practices during prenatal care. Methods: A quantitative study with 101 pregnant women attending high-risk prenatal care at a maternity hospital in Pará. A structured questionnaire was applied, addressing age, education level, family income, and knowledge about cervical screening. Results: The average age of participants was 31.67 years, with 46.5% between 25 and 30 years old. Most were mixed-race (59.4%), with an income of up to one minimum wage (59.4%) and completed high school (42.4%). About 77.2% started the exam before the age of 25, mainly due to the onset of sexual activity (41.6%). Additionally, 71.3% were unaware of the recommended age for screening, and 88.1% preferred annual exams. Conclusion: Despite the high adherence to the exam, the age of initiation and frequency were inadequate. The lack of awareness about guidelines and socioeconomic factors impacted screening practices. The need for health education during prenatal care and the expansion of HPV vaccination to strengthen cervical cancer prevention is emphasized.
References
AHUJA R e SHARMA P, et al. Pap smear in antenatal women: a valuable opportunity for screening and awareness. Int J Res Med Sci, 2020; 8: 1213.
BARDIN L. Análise de Conteúdo. Lisboa, 2011; 70.
BARROS WJG, et al. Exames preventivos do câncer de colo de útero realizados no estado do pará entre os anos de 2006 e 2015: análise epidemiológica. Rev Contemp, 2024; 4: 5452.
CARDOSO M, et al. Panorama epidemiológico das Internações por Neoplasia Maligna do Colo do Útero no Brasil em 2024. Braz J Implantol Health Sci, 2024; 6: 5738–49.
CESAR JA, et al. Citopatológico de colo uterino no extremo sul do Brasil: baixa cobertura e exposição das gestantes mais vulneráveis. Rev bras epidemiol, 2023; 26: 230032.
CLAY JM, et al. Patient knowledge and attitudes toward cervical cancer screening after the 2012 screening guidelines. Patient Education and Counseling, 2019; 102: 411–5.
DANTAS PVJ, et al. Women’s knowledge and factors of not adherence to the pap smear examination. Rev Enferm UFPE online, 2018; 12: 684.
FREITAS IAS, et al. Perfil epidemiológico câncer de colo uterino no Brasil e em suas regiões no período de 2018 e 2022. Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, 2023; 5: 1710–9.
GASPARIN VA, et al. Rastreamento do câncer de colo do útero durante o acompanhamento pré-natal. Rev Eletr Enferm, 2020; 22.
GONÇALVES CV, et al. Perdas de oportunidades na prevenção do câncer de colo uterino durante o pré-natal. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 2011; 16: 2501–10.
INCA. Dados e Números sobre Câncer do Colo do Útero - Relatório Anual 2023. INCA - Instituto Nacional de Câncer 2022. https ://www.inca.gov.br/publicacoes/relatorios/dados-e-numeros-sobre-cancer-do-colo-do-utero-relatorio-anual-2023. Accessed October 28, 2024.
MACIEL LMA, et al. A importância do exame papanicolau realizado pelo enfermeiro para o diagnóstico do câncer no colo uterino. Revista Brasileira Interdisciplinar de Saúde, 2020; 2.
MORAIS ISM, et al. A importância do exame preventivo na detecção precoce do câncer de colo uterino: uma revisão de literatura. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Enfermagem, 2021; 10: 6472.
RIBEIRO L, et al. Rastreamento oportunístico versus perdas de oportunidade: não realização do exame de Papanicolaou entre mulheres que frequentaram o pré-natal. Cad Saúde Pública, 2016; 32: 1415.
SCHRIER E, et al. Changing Preferences for a Cervical Cancer Screening Strategy: Moving Away from Annual Testing. Women’s Health Reports 2022; 3:7 09–17.
SOUSA RA, et al. Realização do papanicolau durante o pré-natal: Perfil das gestantes atendidas em uma unidade docente assistencial. Saúde Coletiva (Barueri), 2023; 13: 12478–89.
TELÓ AF e YONEGURA WHT. Avaliação da cobertura do exame citopatológico do colo do útero durante a assistência pré-natal. EACAD, 2023; 4: 443507.
TEXEIRA LDM, et al. Exame preventivo para o câncer de colo durante a gravidez: experiências das gestantes. Rev Baiana Enferm, 2020; 33.
VALE DB, et al. Estimating the public health impact of a national guideline on cervical cancer screening: an audit study of a program in Campinas, Brazil. BMC Public Health 2019; 19: 1492.
WANDERLEY MS, et al. Atitudes e crenças de médicos ginecologistas- -obstetras e de pacientes do Hospital Universitário de Brasília sobre o rastreamento cervical e o exame pélvico. Femina, 2023: 174–81.