Keywords
Molecular subtypes
Methods
Characterization
Heterogeneity
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Abstract
Objective: Correlate the influence of these subtypes on the development and prognosis of breast cancer, addressing the histopathological and evolutionary characteristics of each classification, thus relating characterization of gene expression through microarray and immunohistochemistry cDNA methods, in addition to the development of prognostic and predictive signatures. Bibliographic review: Breast cancer, being a heterogeneous disease, is considered a complex and multifaceted pathology that includes a variety of molecular factors that allow the expression of different clinical, morphological and behavioral characteristics. It is divided into molecular subtypes through genetic analysis, namely: Luminal A, Luminal B, amplified ERBB2/HER2, Triple Negative and Claudin-low. Immunohistochemistry detects the presence of biomarkers such as progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor, ERBB2/HER2 and Ki-67, contributing to risk assessment, differential diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, it becomes possible to establish the ideal systemic treatment for each patient, as well as to presume the therapeutic response to a given therapy. Final considerations: The biological and molecular characteristics of these molecular subtypes, with morphological and immunophenotypic distinct patterns, provides a better understanding of the methods of formation, maintenance and progression of breast carcinoma tumors, in order to develop an individualized therapeutic approach for each prognosis.
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