Keywords
Crohn disease
Inflammatory bowel disease
Surgical intervention
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Abstract
Objective: Crohn's Disease (CD) is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that may require surgical intervention in severe cases. This study aims to understand the challenges in treating abdominal emergencies in these patients, analyzing the effects of surgery on clinical outcomes and quality of life. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted using the PubMed Central database, with 21 articles selected. Results: Late diagnosis of CD increases the risk of hospitalizations and surgeries, complicating management. Changes such as myosteatosis are associated with poorer postoperative recovery, while the role of sarcopenia is uncertain. Clinical and imaging methods are crucial in treatment selection, especially in cases of stenosis and fistulas. Although primary anastomoses increase complications, staged strategies reduce recurrences. Extended mesenteric excision does not increase morbidity. Emergency surgeries, common in penetrating disease, increase the risk of complications, requiring individualized care. Final considerations: Surgical management of abdominal emergencies in CD is challenging and demands a multidisciplinary approach. Early diagnosis, nutritional assessment, and the use of predictive models are essential to optimize outcomes. The advancement of surgical techniques and biological therapies has shown positive impacts on morbidity, mortality, and quality of life.
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