Keywords
Otolaryngology
Medical residency
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Abstract
Objective: Evalute the evidence on the application of Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) in Otolaryngology medical residency. Methods: In December 2024, an integrative literature review was conducted through articles published in the last five years, available in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Web of Science, Embase, Pubmed and Google Scholar. The search strategy returned 1,294 articles; after applying filters, only 7 were included. The categorical variables evaluated were: 1- methodology, 2- implementation, 3- strengths, and 4- weaknesses. Results: Of the 7 articles, 3 developed methodological studies for the creation of EPAs aimed at Otolaryngology and some of its subspecialties, with variations ranging from 46 to 335 EPAs, while 2 studies evaluated the performance of EPAs through an application (11 EPAs). In 2 studies, it was possible to conduct a longitudinal assessment of residents with the identification of progression patterns in competency levels. Only 1 study included a multicenter evaluation of EPAs. Final Considerations: Entrustable Professional Activities offer a structured approach to competency-based learning, allowing residents to progressively acquire essential practical skills with continuous assessment. However, challenges in standardizing unique EPAs that can be used by multiple centers are emphasized.
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