Diagnosis and management of corticobasal syndrome in a phenotypic presentation of Parkinson's Disease

Abstract

Objective: To report a case of Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS), a rare neurodegenerative disease that is frequently misdiagnosed as other Parkinsonian syndromes, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD). The article highlights the challenges in differential diagnosis and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. Case Details: Male patient, 61 years old, with a history of parkinsonism, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. He began treatment with levodopa and showed slight motor improvement but continued to experience cognitive deficits. Over the course of follow-up, he developed asymmetric motor symptoms, apraxia, and sleep disturbances. Neuropsychiatric assessments suggested progressive deterioration, leading to the suspicion of CBS. Limited access to advanced neuroimaging within the public health system (SUS) hindered a definitive diagnosis. Final Considerations: The case underscores the need for an accurate diagnosis, with access to imaging exams, and for individualized treatment. The limited response to levodopa and rapid progression of symptoms differentiates CBS from other Parkinsonian syndromes, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to improve patient quality of life.