Challenges and prospects for drug policy in collective health in Brazil

Abstract

Objective: To verify the perspectives and challenges of drug policy in Brazil. Methods: An integrative literature review was carried out using the following databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Virtual Health Library. The search used the following keywords, considered descriptors in the Descriptors in Health Sciences (Decs): “collective health” AND “drug policy”. The inclusion criteria were research carried out in Brazil in the last 10 years and official documents (Ministry of Health, Pan American Health Organization, United Nations Organization and World Health Organization). And the exclusion criteria were articles not available in full for free. Results: Drug policy in public health in Brazil faces complex challenges, marked by tensions between repressive and harm reduction models, difficulties in local implementation and the need for greater integration between sectors. Despite progress, there are still structural, political and social obstacles that limit the effectiveness of policies and the expansion of health care. Final considerations: Strengthening harm reduction, integrating services and evidence-based policies are promising ways to overcome impasses and promote health and citizenship.